Đây là chương trình Anh Ngữ Sinh động New Dynamic English bài thứ 16. Phạm Văn xin kính chào quí vị thính giả. Phần đầu của bài học hôm nay là CULTURAL TIPS-những điều mách giúp về văn hóa, quí vị để ý đến (vai trò của) phụ nữ ở nơi làm việc - Women in the workplace.

LAW=luật
MEDICINE=y-khoa
A FEMALE BOSS=bà xếp; người chỉ huy là một bà; bà trưởng phòng.
SUPERVISE=chỉ huy; giám thị
A SUPERVISOR=giám thị; quản đốc.
Cách đọc: WOMAN/WOMEN.
Nghe câu:
-WOMEN STILL GENERALLY MAKE LESS THAN MEN=phụ nữ nói chung vẫn còn được trả lương ít hơn nam giới.
-PAY EQUALITY IS AN IMPORTANT ISSUE IN BUSINESS. Sự trả lương đồng đều là một vấn đề quan hệ trong thương mại. [Tương tự còn có một tiếng nữa là pay equity]
-EQUAL PAY FOR EQUAL WORK=trả lương bằng nhau cho công việc làm như nhau.
Xin mời quí vị nghe:

CUT 1

Eliz: Hello again. We're here with Gary Engleton, our business language expert. Let's look at our e-mail question, Gary.
Gary: All right.
Eliz: Our first question is, “Is it common for a woman to be a manager in the U.S.?”
Gary: In fields such as law and medicine, the percentage of women is increasing quickly. However, in corporations there are still not many women in the top jobs.
Eliz: Here's another question. “Is women's pay equal to men's?”
Gary: In corporations, women still generally make less than men. Pay equality is an important issue in business.
Eliz: And one more question. “Is it difficult for a woman to supervise men?”
Gary: Some men don't like to have a female boss, but that's changing.
Eliz: In my experience, most of the men I supervise accept me as their supervisor.
Gary: Yes, I think most men today are quite comfortable with a woman as a supervisor.
Eliz: Let's take a break, Gary.
Gary: OK

Music

Vietnamese explanation

Sau đây là phần thực tập. Xin nghe rồi lập lại. Phần này gọi là VARIATIONS-cách nói một ý khác nhau. Thí dụ như trong câu: In some fields, the percentage of women is increasing=Ở vài ngành, tỷ số phần trăm phụ nữ đang tăng. Thay vì dùng chữ PERCENTAGE-phần trăm, quí vị có thể dùng chữ PROPORTION=tỷ lệ.
Tương tự, thay vì dùng chữ TOP JOBS=chức vụ cao, có thể dùng chữ HIGH-LEVEL POSITIONS.
FIELD=AREA=ngành, địa hạt.

Xin nghe và thực tập.

CUT 2

Larry: Variations. Listen to these variations.
Eliz: In some fields, the percentage of women is increasing.
Larry: In some fields, the proportion of women is increasing. (Pause)
Eliz: There are not many women in top jobs. [chức vụ cao]
Larry: There are not many women in high-level positions. (Pause)
Eliz: Pay equality is an important issue.
Larry: Equal pay for equal work is an important issue. [vấn đề] (pause)
Eliz: Most men today are comfortable with a woman as a supervisor.
Larry: Most men today are comfortable being supervised by a woman. (pause) [comfortable=thoải mái, dễ chịu; ngày nay phần lớn đàn ông cảm thấy thoải mái khi được chỉ huy bởi một phụ nữ]

Music

Vietnamese explanation

Sau đây là phần ba bài học BUSINESS DIALOG-Personal questions- Đàm thoại về thương mại về câu hỏi có tính cách riêng tư.
A COCKTAIL PARTY=bữa tiệc rượu.
COCKTAIL=rượu mạnh pha nước trái cây.
PROFESSIONAL MEETING=buổi hội nghị có tính cách chuyên nghiệp.
SALES MANAGER=quản đốc về mãi vụ.
SALES REP=đại điện hãng; SALES REPRESENTATIVE.
ACME ELECTRONICS=tên hãng chuyên về máy điện tử
DEPARTMENT STORES=tiệm bách hóa.
THEATER=kịch nghệ.
PLAYS=vở kịch, tuồng.
HOW DO YOU LIKE LIVING IN PHILADELPHIA?=bạn có thích sống ở thành phố Philadelphia không?
HAVE YOU LIVED THERE A LONG TIME? =Bạn đã ở đó lâu chưa?

CUT 3

Eliz: Today's Business Dialog is about asking personal questions. Fred and Sue are at a cocktail party at a professional meeting. They are meeting each other for the first time. During the conversation, they ask each other some personal questions. Let's listen.
Fred: Hi, my name is Fred Jones.
Sue: Hello, Fred. I'm Sue Carter.
Fred: Nice to meet you, Sue.
Sue: Nice to meet you too, Fred. What type of work are you in?
Fred: I work for Ace Department Stores in New York. I'm a sales manager.
Sue: I work in sales too. I'm the sales rep for Acme Electronics in Philadelphia.
Fred: How do you like living in Philadelphia?
Sue: Philadelphia is great. The people are very nice.
Fred: Have you lived there a long time?
Sue: No. I just moved there two years ago. How about you? Do you like living in New York city?
Fred: Well, the weather is terrible, but I love the theaters and restaurants.
Sue: Do you go to the theater a lot?
Fred: Yes, my wife and I see a lot of plays. New York is great.

Music

Vietnamese explanation

Sau đây chú trọng về phần vụ-Focus on Functions-Personal Questions-những câu hỏi về đời tư.

BUSINESS CONTEXTS=hoàn cảnh thương mại=BUSINESS SETTINGS,
BUSINESS SITUATIONS, nơi làm việc.
MOVE=dọn nhà
SAFE TOPICS=những đề tài an toàn khi nói chuyện [không làm mất lòng, hay mang tiếng soi bói].

Xin nghe rồi lập lại.

CUT 4

Eliz: Now let's focus on personal questions in business contexts.
Larry: Listen and repeat.
Eliz: How do you like living in Philadelphia? (pause for repeat)
Eliz: Philadelphia is great. (pause for repeat)
Eliz: Have you lived there a long time? (pause for repeat) Eliz: No. I just moved there two years ago. (pause for repeat)
Eliz: Do you like living in New York City? (pause for repeat)
Eliz: Well, the weather is terrible. (pause for repeat)
Eliz:...but I love the theaters and restaurants. (pause for repeat)
Eliz: Do you go to the theater a lot? (pause for repeat)
Eliz: Yes, my wife and I see a lot of plays. (pause for repeat)

Music

Vietnamese explanation

Sau đây, xin nghe Gary mách cách hỏi những câu có tính cách cá nhân ở môi trường thương mại.
QUESTIONS WHICH ARE SAFE TO ASK=câu hỏi không va chạm đến đời tư khi hỏi [ở đâu, chức vụ, làm bao lâu, etc..]
QUESTIONS WHICH ARE NOT SAFE TO ASK=câu không tiện hỏi [như lương (SALARY); tôn giáo, theo đạo nào (RELIGION); tình trạng gia đình (MARITAL STATUS).
Xin nghe lại mấy lời đàm thoại giữa Fred và Sue.

CUT 5

Gary's Tips: Personal questions in business settings.

UPBEAT MUSIC

Larry: Gary's Tips.
Eliz: Welcome back. It's time for Gary's Tips. What's your topic for today, Gary?
Gary: Today I'll be talking about personal questions in business settings. Personal questions are questions about your living situation, family, and interests. Some personal questions are safe to ask, and others are not so safe. When you're in a business setting, it's best to stick to safe topics. [cứ “đeo dính” lấy các đề tài an toàn.] Some safe topics are where someone lives, how long the person has lived there, and what interests a person has.

Let's listen to the Business Dialog again.

In the conversation, Fred asks Sue how she likes living in Philadelphia and how long she's lived there. Let's listen.

Sue: I'm the sales rep for Acme Electronics in Philadelphia.
Fred: How do you like living in Philadelphia?
Sue: Philadelphia is great. The people there are very nice.
Fred: Have you lived there a long time?
Sue: No, I just moved there two years ago.

Gary: Then Sue asks Fred if he likes living in New York. She also asks him a question about his interest in the theater. Let's listen.

Sue: How about you? Do you like living in New York City?
Fred: Well, the weather is terrible, but I love the theaters and restaurants.
Sue: Do you go to the theater a lot?
Fred: Yes, my wife and I see a lot of plays. New York is great.

Gary: There are some topics which are not to ask someone unless you know the person well. You shouldn't ask if someone is married, or about the person's age or religion, or about how much money a person makes or spends.[đừng hỏi kiếm được hay tiêu bao nhiêu tiền.] It's also a bad idea to talk about politics in business situations. It is much better to stay with very safe topics. Well, that's all we have for today. I hope today's tips were helpful!
Eliz: Thanks very much, Gary.

Music

Eliz: Well, our time is up. Tune in next time for Functioning in Business. See you then!

Music

Vietnamese explanation

Quí vị vừa học xong bài số 16 trong chương trình Anh Ngữ sinh động New Dynamic English. Phạm Văn xin kính chào quí vị thính giả và xin hẹn gặp lại trong bài học kế tiếp.