Key facts about the Muslim holy month of Ramadan

Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar.

The start of Ramadan is determined by the appearance of a new moon.

Muslims are expected to refrain from eating, drinking, smoking and sex from daybreak to sunset during Ramadan.

For Muslims, Ramadan is intended to teach spirituality, patience and devotion to God.

After sunset, Muslims celebrate with family visits and iftars, shared meals that break the fast.

Ramadan ends with the Eid al-Fitr festival, which includes feasts and an exchange of gifts.